【推文】James Lindsay - We all talk a lot about "Cluster-B personality disorders" these days...
連結
原推文 - x.com/conceptualjame...
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原文及個人翻譯
We all talk a lot about "Cluster-B personality disorders" these days, and there's likely a very simple reason why: social media facilitates their amplification. There is almost no playground better for these destructive disorders than social media, and the consequences are huge.
Cluster-B personality disorders are the particularly nasty ones: histrionic, narcissistic, antisocial, and borderline. They are stable psychological deformations, at least by the time adulthood is reached, and they cause disruption and destruction everywhere they go.
我們現在經常討論「B群人格障礙」，這很可能有個非常簡單的原因：社交媒體助長了它們的擴散。幾乎沒有比社交媒體更好的地方能讓這些破壞性的障礙得以宣洩，後果不堪設想。
B群人格障礙特別惡性：裝腔作勢、自戀、反社會和邊緣型。它們是穩定的心理變形，至少在達到成年時是這樣，它們所到之處都會造成干擾和破壞。
Some years ago, Jordan Peterson gave a controversial interview in which he explained that male violence (physical) doesn't "upload" to the internet well, but female violence (social) does "upload" fluidly and easily. He did so in attempt to explain the toxic femininity of Woke.
There are other explanations for the toxic femininity of Woke, but Jordan was hitting on something important with that claim. The toxic femininity caused by feminists, most of whom were/are Cluster-B personalities hiding behind feminism, uploads and is socially contagious.
Feminism, for what it's worth, is effectively the flux (in the chemical sense) within which Woke was forged (which mostly took place in education theory and critical pedagogy as its crucible). That explains why Woke bears so many cluster-B toxic femininity traits and behaviors.
幾年前，Jordan Peterson在一個備受爭議的訪談中解釋說，男性的暴力（身體上的）不適合在互聯網上「上傳」，但女性的暴力（社會上的）卻可以輕易地、流暢地上傳。他試圖藉此解釋「覺醒文化（Woke）」中的有毒女性特質。
還有其他對於Woke中的有毒女性特質的解釋，但Jordan在那個主張中觸及了重要的一點。由女權主義者造成的有毒女性特質，其中大多數是隱藏在女權主義背後的B群人格障礙者，在社交媒體上傳播並具有社會傳染性。
女權主義，就其價值而言，有效地成為Woke形成中的流動體（以化學意義而言）（主要發生在教育理論和批判性教學法作為其熔爐）。這解釋了為什麼Woke具有如此多的B群有毒女性特質和行為。
The point Jordan unfortunately missed, though, is that as well as "female" (social) violence "uploads" onto social media, cluster-B social violence "uploads" even more efficiently and social media is literally its perfect playground: anonymous harassment, sock puppets, etc.
I think we predominantly have to keep talking about Cluster B personality disorders today so much not only because they're part of our everyday experience since they significantly contribute to or even dominate our political discussions online but also because they're contagious.
The contagion of cluster-B disorders is usually called "the cycle of abuse." People who are abuse targets of cluster-B disordered individuals frequently (a) join cults around said individuals and (b) adapt to the abuse by replicating it outwardly to others.
然而，Jordan不幸錯過了一點，那就是除了女性（社會）暴力可以「上傳」到社交媒體上，B群社會暴力能更有效地「上傳」，社交媒體是它們完美的遊樂場：匿名騷擾、馬甲帳號等。
我認為我們今天必須繼續大量討論B群人格障礙，不僅是因為它們是我們日常經驗的一部分，自從它們顯著地貢獻或甚至主導我們在線政治討論以來，而且因為它們具有傳染性。
B群障礙的傳染通常被稱為「虐待循環」。成為B群障礙者虐待目標的人經常（a）加入圍繞這些個體的邪教組織，並（b）通過向他人複製虐待行為來適應虐待。
In a rather strange book called Political Ponerology, Andrzej Łobaczewski discusses this problem in the political context in general, including also psychopathy and sociopathy, but not with regard to social media, which was after his time. It's an interesting read.
Łobaczewski makes the point that there are two kinds of psychopathological states: essential (born with) and functional (manifesting due to the result of environmental pressures). Most "Woke" behavior is functional psychopathology driven by essential psychopathology.
Łobaczewski's point is that tyrannies are virtually always the result of what he calls "pathocracy," a state of toxic governance by the psychopathological. He argues that such people turn society into a cult that aims to force everyone to create a false world the psycho needs.
在一部名為《Political Ponerology》的奇書中，Andrzej Łobaczewski 在一般政治背景下討論了這個問題，包括心理病態和社會病態，但沒有涉及社交媒體，因為那是他的時代之後的事物。這是一本有趣的書。
（Pika：從Wiki抄的書名解釋：Łobaczewski 採用了ponerology一詞，它源自於希臘語 poneros，指的是在神學分支中研究邪惡的學科。）
Łobaczewski 指出，有兩種類型的心理病態狀態：本質型（天生具有）和功能型（由於環境壓力而顯現）。大多數「覺醒」（Woke）行為是由本質型心理病態驅動的功能性心理病態。
Łobaczewski 的觀點是，暴政幾乎總是所謂的「病態統治」（pathocracy）的結果，即由心理病態者進行的有毒治理。他認為，這些人會將社會轉變成一個旨在迫使每個人創造一個虛假世界以滿足心理病態者需求的邪教組織。
What Łobaczewski could not have imagined was that our political discourse, due to the structural features of social media, would primarily take place in an environment that overwhelmingly favors cluster-B pathologies and their functional spread into others. We live there now.
This problem is exacerbated by the "modernization" of the Smith-Mundt Act, which Obama did in 2012 and enacted in 2013 (when everything went crazy, roughly). That act allows the US government to do agitation and propaganda on the US people through mass media, including social.
Łobaczewski 可能沒有想過，由於社交媒體的結構性特徵，我們的政治討論主要發生在一個極其有利於 B 群病態和它們向他人功能性傳播的環境中。我們現在就生活在這樣一個環境中。
這個問題因Smith-Mundt Act的「現代化」而加劇，奧巴馬在 2012 年進行了修改，並在 2013 年頒布（當時一切都變得瘋狂起來）。該法案允許美國政府通過大眾媒體（包括社交媒體）對美國人民進行煽動和宣傳。
We have to figure out how to reckon with the fact that online discourse, thus much political discourse, is susceptible to both of these problems: the high enablement of functional psychopathy of cluster-B and other psychopathologies and hostile agitation to inflame it.
Hostile entities both foreign and domestic, governmental and otherwise, will understand this circumstance and exploit it, and they do, even if they've learned it otherwise than through Łobaczewski himself. This is the political world we now live in, though, and we need solutions.
One of my biggest sociopolitical hypotheses, especially since reading Łobaczewski, is that societies live or die by whether or not they figure out how to contain and channel psychopathologies like these (as one key factor among others, obviously). Social media opened the Box.
我們必須想出如何應對以下事實：在線討論（因此政治討論）容易受到這兩個問題的影響：B 群病態和其他病態的高度功能性傳播，以及惡意煽動以加劇這些問題。
外國和國內、政府和非政府惡意實體都會理解這種情況並利用它，事實上他們正在這樣做，即使他們從未讀過 Łobaczewski 本人。然而，這是我們現在所處的社會和政治世界，我們需要解決方案。
自從閱讀了 Łobaczewski 的作品，我最大的社會政治假設之一是，社會的存亡取決於它們是否能夠找到方法來遏制和引導這些病態（這當然是許多關鍵因素之一）。社交媒體打開了潘多拉的盒子。
額外內容
另一人在回覆貼的推文（作者表示支持）
One of most important things I’ve learned:
Severe personality problems find camouflage. No one thinks “I’m a sadist” or “I’m a malignant narcissist.” They find a belief system/social group that validates their most hateful, destructive impulses & construes them as virtues
The most toxic and hateful people in the world are 100% convinced they fight on the side of all that is true and right
They find a way to give free rein to their cruelty, to attack, to treat others cruelly and viciously. And they find allies to cheer them on who also believe they are on the side of all that is true and right
For mental health professionals looking for more a theoretical explanation, the psychological processes are splitting, projection and projective identification
Splitting means not recognizing one’s own capacity for hate, cruelty and destructiveness. The person is blind to the bad in themselves. Instead, they project the badness onto some designated other. And this other person or group, via the defense of projection, is now seen as the repository of all that is bad and evil, that must be attacked and destroyed
That’s the projection
The person now feels fully justified in unleashing their cruelty and hate on the other person, who is seen (by virtue of their projection) as someone monstrous who should be destroyed
If the person on the receiving end of the projection responds to the intense provocation with anger or dares to fight back, this is taken as confirmation of how hateful and evil they are—and why attacking them is just and right. This is called “projective identification”
“Projective identification” occurs when a person using the defense of projection proceeds to treat the other person in a way that provokes the feelings they’ve projected so vehemently. In other words, they pull, push, and bait the other person into taking on the role they’ve assigned. This is generally not done consciously
The end result is that the person can deny their own sadism, cruelty, and hate—and simultaneously act it out without restraint. And feel themselves to be 100% on the side of truth and right as they do it
我學到的一件最重要的事情：
嚴重的人格問題會找到偽裝。沒有人會想：「我是一個虐待狂」或「我是一個惡性自戀者」。他們會找到一個信仰系統/社會群體，為他們最令人厭惡和破壞性的衝動提供合法性，並將其視為美德。
世界上最毒性和最仇恨的人百分之百確信他們站在所有真實和正確的一邊。
他們會找到一種方式來放縱自己的殘忍，攻擊並殘忍地對待他人。他們還會找到盟友為他們歡呼，這些盟友也相信他們站在所有真實和正確的一邊。
對於尋找更具理論解釋的心理健康專業人士來說，這些心理過程是分裂、投射和投射性認同。
分裂意味著不承認自己有仇恨、殘忍和破壞的能力。這個人的內心是看不到自己的壞處的。相反，他們將壞處投射到指定的他人身上。通過投射防禦，這個其他人或群體現在被看作是所有壞處和邪惡的集體，必須攻擊和摧毀。
這就是投射。
這個人在對待他人的方式上完全有理由地釋放自己的殘忍和仇恨，因為他們被看作是（由於投射的緣故）應該被摧毀的可怕怪物。
如果接受投射的人對強烈的挑釁做出憤怒的回應或敢於反擊，這會被視為他們多麼仇恨和邪惡的確認——以及為什麼攻擊他們是公正和正確的。這被稱為「投射性認同」。
「投射性認同」發生在使用投射防禦的人以這種方式對待他人時，導致被投射的人被激發了所投射的情緒。換句話說，他們拉著、推著並引誘他人扮演他們分配的角色。這通常不是有意識地完成的。
最終結果是，這個人的可以否認自己的虐待狂、殘忍和仇恨——同時在沒有約束地表現出來。他們在這樣做時，會覺得自己百分之百站在真理和正確的一邊。