【推文】James Lindsay - Imagine being an evil puppet master and reading Thomas Hobbes...

連結

• 原推文1 - x.com/conceptualjame...

原文及個人翻譯

Imagine being an evil puppet master and reading Thomas Hobbes.

You discover that he thinks the state of nature for human beings is a savage individualist and small-tribalist (balkanized) warring state of conflict of "all against all," so that the average individual life is "nasty, brutish, and short."

He understands there's an intrinsic terror of this circumstance, like Mad Max or something worse and ponders.

想像一下，你是一個邪惡的傀儡師，正在閱讀托馬斯·霍布斯的著作。

你會發現他認為人類的自然狀態是野蠻、個人主義和小型部落（分裂）的戰爭狀態，即「人人為敵」，因此普通人的生活是「醜陋、殘酷和短暫」。

他理解這種情況內在存在著一種恐怖，就像《瘋狂的馬克斯》或更糟糕的情況，並深思熟慮。

He continues reading. The book is called Leviathan. Hobbes has a solution to a brutal war of "all against all" between atomized individuals and small warlike bands, tribes, and cartels.

The greatest of sea monsters, the Leviathan, is the solution Hobbes gives. It's like a state, but also like a church. Some would call it The Cathedral, but Hobbes called it the Leviathan. It, as a powerful supra-human institution, controls human behavior with legal, political, judicial, moral, and spiritual power to force them into a state of order. Yes, it's tyrannical, but there's order.

他繼續閱讀。 這本書名為《利維坦》。 霍布斯解決了原子化個體和小型好戰部落、部族和販毒集團之間殘酷的「人人為敵」戰爭的方法。

霍布斯提出的解決方案是最大的海怪——《利維坦》。 它就像一個國家，也像一個教會。 有些人會稱之為「大教堂」，但霍布斯稱它為《利維坦》。 作為一個強大的超人類機構，《利維坦》通過法律、政治、司法、道德和精神力量來控制人類行為，迫使他們進入有序的狀態。 是的，這是一種暴政，但秩序是存在的。

Now imagine our evil puppet master finishes Hobbes and understands him, and then he picks up Nietzsche.

He reads in Nietzsche that we unreasonably limit ourselves, imprison ourselves, by maintaining moral strictures on ourselves. Morality, in fact, is a prison, but, at the same time, God is dead. It's quite a revelation.

Zarathustra speaks out to our evil puppet master, who understands what he means when he bellows, "I will teach you the Superman." The Ubermensch. The man above men, released from his prison and beyond the restraints of normality. All you have to do is realize the truth: God is dead, and morality is a set of chains.

現在，想像一下我們的邪惡傀儡師讀完了霍布斯並理解了他，然後他拿起尼采的著作。

他在尼采的書中讀到，我們不合理地限制自己，通過對自己的道德約束來監禁自己。 實際上，道德是一種牢獄，但同時，上帝已經死了。 這是一個非常重要的發現。

《查拉圖斯特如是說》（Also sprach Zarathustra）向我們的邪惡傀儡師發聲，他理解了當他大喊「我將教你甚麼是超人」時的含義。 超人。 處於人類之上的人，擺脫了他的牢獄，超越了常規的束縛。 你只需要意識到真相：上帝已經死了，道德是一套枷鎖。

Our evil puppet master, full of this philosophy, mulls over what to do. If man can be driven into a state of war of all against all, he'll crave the Leviathan. Imagine if you could be the one to establish and control the Leviathan, savior-tyrant of mankind. But that would be wrong.... But God is dead, and morality is a pair of shackles. To become the Superman is to transcend morality and to decide right and wrong for yourself....

我們的邪惡傀儡師，充滿了這些哲學思想，思考著該怎麼做。 如果人類可以被推入「人人為敵」的戰爭狀態，他們就會渴望《利維坦》。 想像一下，如果你能成為建立和控制《利維坦》的人，成為人類的救世主暴君。 但那是不對的......但上帝已經死了，道德是一副束縛。 要成為超人，就是要超越道德，並為自己決定是非。

Perusing history next, our evil puppet master surveys Napoleon, whose victories were the stuff of legends. Becoming the Superman, he lifted the crown of France from the gutter with his sword, and then taking it from the Pope, placed it upon his own head. Above the monarchy. Above the Church. Above all. He was the Superman. He controlled the Leviathan.

But it didn't last. He stretched out too hard, too far, and without enough support. What was his mistake?

接下來，我們的邪惡傀儡師瀏覽歷史，觀察拿破崙，他的勝利堪稱傳奇。 成為超人，他用劍從垃圾堆中奪回了法國的王冠，然後又從教皇手中奪取，並將其戴在自己的頭上。 高於君主制。 高於教會。 高於一切。 他是超人。 他控制著《利維坦》。

但這並沒有持續太久。 他過度擴張，範圍太大，而且缺乏足夠的支持。 他的錯誤是什麼？

Turning to the darker pages of history, our evil puppet master finds Mein Kampf and discovers the structure of the Total State, the Fuhrerprinzip, the missing piece.

The Leviathan is an apparatus, he realizes. It cannot be controlled by a single man, even the Superman, without a powerful hierarchical structure. The Superman must control the Superstate, or it will not work. In a world where God is dead and morality is a prison requires summoning a Super-Leviathan, a Superstate led by heroic Supermen like Napoleon and (ahem) Hitler controlled by an infallible ideology with no God on top, with the Superstate and its Fuhrer as God.

接著，我們的邪惡傀儡師翻閱歷史的黑暗篇章，發現了《我的奮鬥》，並發現了極權國家的結構，即元首原則，這是缺失的一環。

他意識到，《利維坦》是一種機構。 即使是超人也無法控制它，除非有一個強大的等級結構。 超人必須控制超級國家，否則它將無法運作。 在一個上帝已經死去，道德是一種牢獄的世界裡，需要召喚一個超級《利維坦》，即由像拿破崙和（咳咳）希特勒這樣的英雄超人領導的超級國家，由不可錯的意識形態控制，沒有任何神祇，超級國家及其元首就是神。

But how could that be achieved, our evil puppet master wonders? Hobbes, he realizes. Hobbes had it all along.

To summon the Leviathan, you must create the human state of nature as Hobbes envisioned it. To summon the Super-Leviathan, it must truly be a brutal, nasty war of all against all, a world war of civil wars. Then the people will demand it. Then we will be able to build it.

但該如何實現，我們的邪惡傀儡師想知道。 霍布斯，他意識到。 霍布斯一直都掌握著這些。

要召喚《利維坦》，你必須創造出霍布斯所想像的人類自然狀態。 要召喚超級《利維坦》，它必須真正是一場殘酷、醜陋的「人人為敵」戰爭，一場世界範圍內的內戰。 然後人們會要求它。 這樣我們才能建立它。

The key is to take the world and shatter it to bits. Then heat it to boiling hot, a raging war of polarized hatred of all against all. Then, o then, the burning world can be remolded nearer thy heart's desire, but only by the Superman who realizes morality is his to decide.

And so can the Super-Leviathan emerge to restore order. Katechon of the ages. Halter of Armageddon. Forestaller of the Antichrist. Tyrant-savior of the world.

關鍵是奪取世界，並將其打碎成碎片。 然後加熱到沸點，變成一場激烈的、兩極對立的「人人為敵」戰爭。 然後，只有在燒焦的世界可以被重新塑造成你所渴望的形式，但只能由那些意識到道德由自己決定的超人來完成。

因此，超級《利維坦》才能出現，以恢復秩序。 時代的遏制者。 毀滅日的束縛者。 敵基督的阻止者。 世界的暴君救世主。